Student Teaching

Unit 3.1 & 3.2

Unit 3.3 & 3.4

Unit 3.5 & 3.7

Unit 3.8 & 3.10

Unit 3.9 & 3.11

Unit 3.12 & 3.13

Unit 3.14 & 3.15

Unit 3.16

Unit 3.17 & 3.18

Vocabulary

Unit 2

Word	Definition
Bits	a binary digit, the smallest increment of data on a computer Binary Conversion
Bytes	a group of binary digits or bits (usually eight) operated on as a unit
Hexadecimal	a numbering system with base 16,can be used to represent large numbers with fewer digits such as HEX colors
Nibbles	nibble is four consecutive binary digits or half of an 8-bit byte

Binary Numbers

Word	Definition
Unsigned Integer	integers (whole numbers) but have the property that they don't have a + or - sign associated with them
Signed Integer	32-bit datum that encodes an integer in the range
Floating Point	Data type float is sometimes called "single-precision floating point". Data type double has twice as many bits and is sometimes called "double-precision floating point".

Binary Data Abstraction

Word	Definition
Boolean	used to represent logical propositions, either true or false, ex. sky_sunny = True
ASCII	most common character encoding format for text data in computers and on the internet
Unicode	an international encoding standard for use with different languages and scripts, by which each letter, digit, or symbol is assigned a unique numeric value that applies across different platforms and programs.
RBG	RGB (red, green, and blue) refers to a system for representing the colors to be used on a computer display

Data Compression

Word	Definition
Lossy	Lossy compression reduces file size by eliminating redundant information
Lossless	Lossless compression retains values and manages to lower file size

Unit 3

Word	Definition
Variables	abstraction inside a program that holds a value, where each variable has associated data storage that represents a single value at a time
Data Types	Integral, Floating Point, Character, Character String, and composite types
Lists	a sequence of finite strings that surrounded by square brackets and separated by commas, ex. foods = ["pizza", "watermelon", "sushi", "fried chicken"]
Dictionaries	an abstract data type that defines an unordered collection of data as a set of key-value pairs, ex. capital_city = {"Nepal": "Kathmandu", "Italy": "Rome", "England": "London"}
Algorithms	the algorithm describes the instructions to complete a task, which done by the graphic with a list of instructions to do
Sequence	order of how to do something
Selection	Code that will execute depending on the algorithm condition returning true or false
Iteration	a repeating portion of an algorithm until a given condition is met
Expressions	syntactic entity in a programming language that may be evaluated to determine its value
Comparison Operators	compare numbers or strings and perform evaluations
Truth Tables
Characters	a display unit of information equivalent to one alphabetic letter or symbol
Strings	any series of characters that are interpreted literally by a script, ex. "hello world"
Length	Gets length of string or list with len() function
Concatenation	joining two strings together
Traversing Strings	process one character at a time
If, Elif, Else conditionals	Code that is initiated if a statement is true
Nested Selection Statements	Either the true path or the false path includes yet another selection structure
For, While loops	A for loop is a control flow statement that executes code repeatedly for a particular number of iterations
Procedural Abstraction	when we write code sections which are generalized by having variable parameters
Procedure	set of instructions that can take parameters (do not have to have parameters and only have ()) and return values or the function
Python Def procedures
Parameters	value inputted into a function for the function to produce a result
Return Values	the value that is returned after a function is run
Stimulation	an imitation of a situation or process Advantages: can be safer, cost-effective, efficient, produce more data Disadvantages: not as accurate, doesn't include outside factors
Collatz	The Collatz conjecture is one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics. The conjecture asks whether repeating two simple arithmetic operations will eventually transform every positive integer into 1.
Hailstone numbers	The sequence of integers generated by Collatz conjecture are called Hailstone Numbers. Examples: Input : N = 7 Output : Hailstone Numbers: 7, 22, 11, 34, 17, 52, 26, 13, 40, 20, 10, 5, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 No.
Undecidable problems	An undecidable problem is one that should give a "yes" or "no" answer, but yet no algorithm exists that can answer correctly on all inputs.
Unsolvable problems	An unsolvable problem is one for which no algorithm can ever be written to find the solution.